The following are important trigonometric relationships (it is unlikely that you will need to know how to prove them and they may be given in your formula book- check!):
sin(A + B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB
cos(A + B) = cosAcosB - sinAsinB
tan(A + B) = tanA + tanB
1 - tanAtanB
To find sin(A - B), cos(A - B) and tan(A - B), just change the + signs in the above identities to -
sin(A - B) = sinAcosB - cosAsinB
cos(A - B) = cosAcosB + sinAsinB
tan(A - B) = tanA - tanB
1 + tanAtanB
Double Angle Formulae
sin(A + B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB
Replacing B by A in the above formula becomes:
sin(2A) = sinAcosA + cosAsinA
so sin2A = 2sinAcosA
similarly, cos2A = cos²A - sin²A
Replacing cos²A by 1 - sin²A (see Pythagorean identities) in the above formula gives:
cos2A = 1 - 2sin²A
Replacing sin²A by 1 - cos²A gives:
cos2A = 2cos²A - 1
It can also be shown that:
tan2A = 2tanA
1 - tan²A
